Evaluación descriptiva del deterioro asociado a Fusarium equiseti en frutos de fresa tratados con Trichoderma spp.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70881/mcj/v4/n3/173Palabras clave:
antagonismo fúngico, control biológico, Fusarium equiseti, identificación molecular, severidad ordinal, TEFResumen
La pudrición asociada a Fusarium equiseti limita la calidad poscosecha de la fresa (Fragaria × ananassa) y exige alternativas de manejo biológico. En consecuencia, el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar, de forma descriptiva, la progresión macroscópica del deterioro asociado a un aislamiento de F. equiseti identificado molecularmente mediante el marcador TEF (factor de elongación de la traducción) y su interacción con una formulación comercial de Trichoderma spp. en frutos de fresa bajo condiciones controladas. Para ello, el ensayo se organizó con cinco tratamientos: aplicación curativa, aplicación preventiva, control positivo con F. equiseti, control antagonista con Trichoderma spp. y control de microclima. La severidad se registró a los 0, 1, 2, 3 y 6 días después de la primera inoculación mediante una escala ordinal de cero a cuatro basada en cobertura micelial visible y deterioro estructural. Debido a que la matriz disponible corresponde a valores consolidados por tratamiento y tiempo de evaluación, los resultados se analizaron mediante indicadores descriptivos y no mediante pruebas inferenciales. El control positivo con F. equiseti presentó la mayor área bajo la curva de severidad visual ordinal (ASCPE = 22,0; 91,7 % relativa) y alcanzó nivel cuatro a 2 DDPI. La aplicación curativa registró ASCPE = 21,0 (87,5 % relativa) y alcanzó nivel 4 a 3 DDPI, mientras que la aplicación preventiva registró ASCPE = 17,5 (72,9 % relativa) y alcanzó nivel cuatro a 6 DDPI. Estos resultados sugieren que el establecimiento previo de Trichoderma spp. retrasó visualmente la progresión del deterioro; no obstante, la evidencia debe interpretarse como preliminar y descriptiva
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Derechos de autor 2026 Cristian Yasmani Masache-Segovia, Mercedes Susana Carranza-Patiño, Juan Antonio Torres-Rodríguez, Carmen Victoria Marín-Cuevas, Robinson J. Herrera-Feijoo (Autor/a)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
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