Alteraciones bioquímicas del sistema serotoninérgico y vulnerabilidad psicológica al suicidio en adultos jóvenes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70881/mcj/v4/n1/109Palabras clave:
sistema serotoninérgico, vulnerabilidad psicológica, conducta suicida, impulsividad, adultos jóvenesResumen
El suicidio constituye uno de los principales problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial y representa una causa relevante de mortalidad en adultos jóvenes. En este contexto, el sistema serotoninérgico se ha identificado como un eje neurobiológico asociado con procesos psicológicos implicados en la conducta suicida. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar, mediante una revisión bibliográfica narrativa, la relación entre alteraciones bioquímicas del sistema serotoninérgico y la vulnerabilidad psicológica al suicidio en adultos jóvenes. Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos especializadas (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect y SciELO), considerando literatura publicada entre 2000 y 2024. La evidencia revisada muestra asociaciones consistentes entre disfunción serotoninérgica y mayor impulsividad, desregulación emocional, síntomas depresivos e ideación suicida; además, en la adultez joven estos factores pueden intensificarse por la maduración incompleta de circuitos de control inhibitorio y por demandas psicosociales propias de esta etapa. Se concluye que el riesgo suicida debe comprenderse desde un enfoque biopsicosocial integrador, en el que la serotonina actúa como un modulador relevante de la vulnerabilidad psicológica, con implicaciones para la evaluación y prevención en población joven
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Derechos de autor 2026 María Belén Castillo Narea, María Verónica Arévalo Moscoso (Autor/a)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
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